Flavonoids in Cannabis

Terpenes: Terpenes are a large and diverse class of natural organic compounds produced by plants and some insects. They contribute to the characteristic scents and flavors of cannabis and play various ecological roles.

Geraniol - [Primary] Sweet, Floral, Rosy Scent.


Nerol - [Primary] has a sweet, floral fragrance but is often described as lighter and more citrusy than geraniol.

Alpha-pinene – [Primary] Fresh Woody Scent, with Earthy undertones.

Limonene - [Primary] - Light, Fresh, and Sweet Citrus Scent

Myrcene - [Primary] - Herbal Scent, with Earthy and Fruity notes.

BCP - [Primary] - Spicy/Woody

Phytol - [Primary] - Floral and Grassy Scent.

Linalool – [Secondary] – Phytol + Geraniol + BCP

Humulene – [Secondary] Alpha-Pinene + Myrcene + BCP

Ocimene- [Secondary] Myrcene + Limonene + Alpha-Pinene.

Terpinolene – [Secondary] Myrcene + Alpha-Pinene + Limonene

Beta-Pinene – [Secondary] Myrcene + Alpha-Pinene + BCP

Valencene - [Secondary] Myrcene + Limonene


Aldehydes: Aldehydes are organic compounds characterized by a carbonyl group attached to a hydrogen atom. They contribute to the scent and flavor profile of cannabis.

  1. Hexanal
    • Aroma: Grassy, green, slightly nutty.
    • Flavor: Fresh, slightly nutty.
  1. Nonanal
    • Aroma: Fruity, citrusy, waxy.
    • Flavor: Fruity, citrus-like.
  1. Decanal
    • Aroma: Citrusy, fatty, waxy.
    • Flavor: Citrus-like, fatty.
  1. Octanal
    • Aroma: Citrusy, waxy, orange-like.
    • Flavor: Citrusy, fruity.
  1. Benzaldehyde
    • Aroma: Almond-like, slightly cherry.
    • Flavor: Almond, cherry-like.
  1. Anisaldehyde
    • Aroma: Sweet, anise-like, licorice.
    • Flavor: Sweet, licorice-like.
  1. Cinnamaldehyde
    • Aroma: Spicy, sweet, cinnamon.
    • Flavor: Warm, sweet, cinnamon.
  1. Vanillin (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde)
    • Aroma: Sweet, creamy, vanilla.
    • Flavor: Sweet, vanilla-like.

Ketones: Ketones are organic compounds with a carbonyl group bonded to two carbon atoms. They contribute to the aroma and flavor of cannabis.

  1. 2-Heptanone
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Sweet, fruity, slightly floral.
  1. 2-Nonanone
    • Aroma: Fruity, waxy, nutty.
    • Flavor: Fruity, waxy, nutty.
  1. 2-Undecanone
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Sweet, fruity, slightly floral.
  1. 2-Tridecanone
    • Aroma: Herbal, woody, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Herbal, woody, slightly floral.
  1. 2-Pentadecanone
    • Aroma: Sweet, waxy, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Sweet, waxy.
  1. Cyclopentanone
    • Aroma: Minty, earthy, slightly nutty.
    • Flavor: Minty, earthy, slightly nutty.
  1. Cyclohexanone
    • Aroma: Pungent, slightly nutty.
    • Flavor: Pungent, nutty.
  1. Acetophenone
    • Aroma: Sweet, slightly nutty, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Sweet, nutty, slightly floral.

Esters: Esters are compounds formed by the reaction of an alcohol with an organic acid. They contribute to the fruity and sweet notes in cannabis.

  1. Methyl Acetate
    • Aroma: Sweet, fruity, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Fruity, sweet.
  1. Ethyl Butanoate
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, pineapple-like.
    • Flavor: Fruity, pineapple-like.
  1. Ethyl Hexanoate
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, apple-like.
    • Flavor: Fruity, apple-like.
  1. Methyl Butanoate
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, pineapple-like.
    • Flavor: Fruity, pineapple-like.
  1. Methyl Hexanoate
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, apple-like.
    • Flavor: Fruity, apple-like.
  1. Ethyl Acetate
    • Aroma: Sweet, fruity, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Fruity, sweet.
  1. Butyl Acetate
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Fruity, sweet.
  1. Hexyl Acetate
    • Aroma: Fruity, sweet, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Fruity, sweet.
  1. Isoamyl Acetate
    • Aroma: Fruity, banana-like, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Fruity, banana-like.
  1. Methyl Salicylate
    • Aroma: Sweet, wintergreen, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Wintergreen, slightly sweet.
  1. Ethyl Cinnamate
    • Aroma: Sweet, fruity, slightly spicy.
    • Flavor: Sweet, fruity, slightly spicy.

Alcohols: Alcohols are organic compounds with a hydroxyl group attached to a carbon atom. They can contribute to the overall aroma and flavor profile of cannabis.

  1. Methanol (Methyl Alcohol)
    • Aroma: Slightly sweet, slightly pungent.
    • Flavor: Slightly sweet, somewhat astringent.
  1. Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)
    • Aroma: Slightly sweet, mild.
    • Flavor: Slightly sweet, mild.
  1. 1-Propanol (n-Propanol)
    • Aroma: Slightly sweet, slightly pungent.
    • Flavor: Slightly sweet, slightly pungent.
  1. 2-Propanol (Isopropanol)
    • Aroma: Slightly sweet, slightly pungent.
    • Flavor: Slightly sweet, slightly pungent.
  1. 1-Butanol (n-Butanol)
    • Aroma: Sweet, slightly fruity.
    • Flavor: Sweet, slightly fruity.
  1. 2-Butanol (sec-Butanol)
    • Aroma: Sweet, slightly fruity.
    • Flavor: Sweet, slightly fruity.
  1. Isoamyl Alcohol (3-Methyl-1-butanol)
    • Aroma: Slightly sweet, fruity, banana-like.
    • Flavor: Sweet, fruity, banana-like.
  1. 1-Octanol (n-Octanol)
    • Aroma: Sweet, fatty, slightly floral.
    • Flavor: Sweet, fatty, slightly floral.
  1. 2-Phenylethanol (Phenylethyl Alcohol)
    • Aroma: Floral, rose-like.
    • Flavor: Floral, slightly sweet.
  1. Geraniol
    • Aroma: Floral, rosy, fruity.
    • Flavor: Floral, fruity, sweet.

Phenols: Phenols are aromatic compounds containing a hydroxyl group bonded to a benzene ring. They contribute to the overall scent and taste of cannabis.

  1. Catechol
    • Aroma: Sweet, smoky, slightly medicinal.
    • Flavor: Slightly sweet, smoky.
  1. Resorcinol
    • Aroma: Sweet, medicinal, slightly woody.
    • Flavor: Sweet, slightly medicinal.
  1. Eugenol
    • Aroma: Spicy, clove-like, slightly sweet.
    • Flavor: Spicy, clove-like.
  1. Guaiacol
    • Aroma: Smoky, woody, slightly medicinal.
    • Flavor: Smoky, woody.
  1. Pyrocatechol
    • Aroma: Sweet, smoky, slightly medicinal.
    • Flavor: Slightly sweet, smoky.
  1. Thymol
    • Aroma: Strong, herbaceous, slightly spicy.
    • Flavor: Strong, slightly spicy.
  1. Carvacrol
    • Aroma: Spicy, pungent, slightly medicinal.
    • Flavor: Spicy, slightly medicinal.
  1. Phenol (Hydroxybenzene)
    • Aroma: Medicinal, slightly sweet, slightly smoky.
    • Flavor: Medicinal, slightly sweet.

Sulfur Compounds: Sulfur compounds contribute to the pungent and sometimes unpleasant aromas of cannabis.

  1. Methanethiol (Methyl Mercaptan)
    • Aroma: Pungent, foul, like rotten cabbage or garlic.
    • Flavor: Pungent, sulfurous.
  1. Dimethyl Sulfide
    • Aroma: Sweet, slightly sulfurous, with a hint of cooked vegetables.
    • Flavor: Sweet, sulfurous.
  1. Dimethyl Disulfide
    • Aroma: Pungent, sulfurous, with notes of garlic and cabbage.
    • Flavor: Pungent, sulfurous.
  1. Dimethyl Trisulfide
    • Aroma: Pungent, sulfurous, similar to cooked cabbage or garlic.
    • Flavor: Pungent, sulfurous.
  1. Methional
    • Aroma: Cooked potato-like, slightly sulfurous.
    • Flavor: Cooked potato-like, slightly sulfurous.
  1. Thiophene
    • Aroma: Sweet, slightly sulfurous, with hints of garlic or cabbage.
    • Flavor: Sweet, sulfurous.
  1. Dibenzothiophene
    • Aroma: Sweet, sulfurous, with faint hints of gasoline.
    • Flavor: Sweet, sulfurous.

Tannins: Tannins are a type of polyphenol compound found in plants, including cannabis. They contribute to astringency and bitterness.

  1. Gallic Acid
    • Aroma: Woody, slightly astringent, earthy.
    • Flavor: Astringent, slightly bitter.
  1. Ellagic Acid
    • Aroma: Earthy, slightly astringent.
    • Flavor: Astringent, slightly bitter.
  1. Epicatechin
    • Aroma: Mildly sweet, woody, slightly astringent.
    • Flavor: Astringent, slightly bitter.
  1. Epicatechin Gallate
    • Aroma: Woody, slightly astringent, earthy.
    • Flavor: Astringent, slightly bitter.
  1. Epigallocatechin
    • Aroma: Woody, slightly astringent, earthy.
    • Flavor: Astringent, slightly bitter.
  1. Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG)
    • Aroma: Woody, slightly astringent, earthy.
    • Flavor: Astringent, slightly bitter.

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